What was the function of a 'bulla' in Roman culture?

In Roman culture, a 'bulla' was primarily a protective amulet worn by children, particularly boys, before they reached adulthood. This charm was often made of gold or leather and contained various religious symbols or other tokens believed to provide protection against evil spirits and misfortune. The bulla was typically worn around the neck and was an important part of a child's upbringing, symbolizing their status and the hopes for their future health and safety.

While the other options present interesting artifacts and their purposes, none fulfill the specific function that a bulla had in regard to protection and childhood rituals. Jewelry decoration refers to ornamental adornments which do not capture the essence of the bulla's purpose as a safeguard. Religious offerings pertain to items dedicated to deities or used in worship practices, which is distinct from the personal protective aspect of the bulla. Similarly, a military badge relates to identity and rank within the military context and does not connect to the custom of safeguarding children, which is the core significance of the bulla in Roman society.