Which factor contributed to Roman expansion during the Punic Wars?

Military superiority played a crucial role in Roman expansion during the Punic Wars, particularly through the demonstration of advanced tactics and strategies that the Romans employed in battle. The Punic Wars, fought primarily between Rome and Carthage, highlighted Rome's ability to adapt its military organization and technology, enabling them to conduct large-scale campaigns effectively.

The Roman military was well-trained, disciplined, and equipped, which allowed them to achieve significant victories against their rivals. For instance, after initial setbacks, such as the defeat at the Battle of Cannae in 216 BCE, the Romans restructured their military approach and ultimately prevailed, leading to the destruction of Carthage and significant territorial gains.

While other factors like diplomatic alliances and cultural exchange were present, it was primarily the effectiveness and superiority of the Roman military that secured their victories in the Punic Wars, paving the way for Rome's dominance in the Mediterranean region.