Which of the following was a significant civil war in the 1st century BC?

The first century BC was marked by significant political turmoil in the Roman Republic, and the civil conflict between Marius and Sulla was particularly notable. This war arose from a power struggle between the popular general Gaius Marius, who sought to reform the military and grant rights to the lower classes, and Lucius Cornelius Sulla, a patrician who favored the traditional senatorial order.

The conflict began in the late 80s BC and was characterized by violent confrontations and shifting allegiances, resulting in Sulla seizing control of Rome in 82 BC after a series of battles. He eventually established himself as dictator, implementing extensive reforms and enacting proscriptions against his enemies. This civil war set a precedent for future conflicts within Rome, highlighting deep divisions in Roman society and politics that would later culminate in further civil wars, notably the one involving Julius Caesar.

In contrast, while other prominent historical figures fought during the Roman Empire, their conflicts do not qualify as significant civil wars of the 1st century BC. For instance, conflicts like those between Caesar and Crassus, or between Augustus and Tiberius, are not centered around the same destructive and politically upheaving context as the Marius vs. S